WATER BUDGET AND HYDROLOGIC CYCLE.

• All the free water i.e. not bound up in minerals as hydroxyl ions clubbed together constitutes 0.02% of earth's mass and is distributed all over the earth forming HYDROSPHERE.
• Wherein water moves relentlessly , changing it's physical state, from one reservoir to other in different proportion, constituting HYDROLOGIC CYCLE.

WATER BUDGET

RESERVOIR                            AMOUNT(%)

• Oceans                                      96.5(SALINE)              
• Ice caps and Glaciers                1.725(SWEET/FRESH/POTABLE)
• Groundwater                             1.690(FRESH 0.76,SALINE 0.93)
• Lakes                                         0.013 (FRESH 0.007,SALINE 0.006)
• Inland seas                                 0.008 (SALINE)
• Soil moisture                             0.0012 (FRESH)
• Atmosphere                               0.001(FRESH)
• Marshes                                     0.0008(FRESH)
• River                                          0.0002
• Biological                                   0.0001
• TOTAL SALINE WATER 97.5 AND FRESH WATER 2.5

DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL FRESHWATER 

• FROZEN WATER=68.6, GROUNDWATER=30.1
• LAKES=0.26 ,                 ATMOSPHERE=0.04 , RIVER=0.03

Hydrological Cycle

• The water move from one reservoir to another reservoir changing it's state continuously from liquid to vapor to solid and vice-versa from a natural cycle called as hydrologic cycle.
• The biggest repository of water is ocean, from where water evaporates and goes into the atmosphere.
• In atmosphere it gets condensed to form snow or water which comes down to the earth surface as precipitation in the form of snowfall and rainfall and become part of surface water.

Hydrological cycle contd.......

• Some of snow or water may gets intercepted by vegetation and are evaporated from their itself.
• The water comes down on the surface moves as runoff flow down the slope of the area and gets collected in various surface water bodies.
• Shallow INFILTRATION of surface water through the earth surface becomes a part of SOLI MOISTURE while deep PERCOLATION makes it part of ground water system, both constituting surface water.
• The surface water may directly taken by the vegetation through osmosis and can send them to atmosphere as EVAPORATIONSPIRATION.